As we have discovered, central to good learning design is the requirement to keep the focus on the learner and their needs. For learning to be effective, it must successfully satisfy all that the learner needs to achieve. This focus on the learner’s needs is particularly important in the online context as there is not always a facilitator or instructor to clarify uncertainties that might arise.
There are several avenues available to learn more about learning design or a particular topic that was covered in this unit. The commitment level required depends on available time, educational background and financial considerations.
Learn about some options for further learning.
Linkedin learning offers a range of short, asynchronous, online courses that are particularly suited to developing skills in a particular tool or application.
Varying plans are available and some businesses offer corporate licenses to employees.
MOOC stands for massive, online, open courses and there are several detailed online courses that go into greater detail about the topics that were touched on in this unit, for example the MicroMasters Program in Instructional Design and Technology.
As the name suggests, these courses are free with plans available for advanced options.
Degrees and formal qualifications are another important step to pursue careers in this field, with the following degrees offered through Swinburne University of Technology:
Sub Topics
An introduction to learning design.
What is learning design?
- Tertiary Education and Quality Standards Agency. (2020, November). Foundations for good practice: The student experience of online learning in Australian higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Australian Government. https://www.teqsa.gov.au/sites/default/files/student-experience-of-online-learning-in-australian-he-during-covid-19.pdf.
- What is Learning Design? (2022). Smart Sparrow. https://www.smartsparrow.com/what-is-learning-design.
Instructional design versus learning design
- Institute for Adult Learning Singapore. (2019, September 5). The 6 Principles of Learning Design [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QiHeVcghdiA.
- Koper, R., & Olivier, B. (2004). Representing the learning design of units of learning. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 7(3), 97-111. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/jeductechsoci.7.3.97.pdf.
- Schmidt, M., & Huang, R. (2021). Current and Evolving Views of Learner Experience from the Field of Learning Design and Technology. Learning: Design, Engagement and Definition, 107–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85078-4_9.
- Smith, P. L., & Ragan, T. J. (2004). Instructional Design [E-book]. Wiley.
Design across sectors
- Moody, C. (2019, July). What are the Differences in Creating Courses for Corporate Training vs. Education? Gutenberg Technology. https://blog.gutenberg-technology.com/en/what-are-the-differences-in-creating-courses-for-corporate-training-vs-education.
- Prakash, V. (2021, May 12). Corporate Vs. Educational eLearning: What’s The Big Difference? eLearning Industry. https://elearningindustry.com/corporate-vs-educational-elearning-big-difference.
Learning design theories and models.
Introduction
- Elliott, S.N., Kratochwill, T.R., Littlefield Cook, J. & Travers, J. (2000). Educational psychology: Effective teaching, effective learning (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill College.
- Instructional Design Central. (2022). Instructional Design Timeline and History. https://www.instructionaldesigncentral.com/instructional-design-history.
- McLeod, S. (2019, July 17). Constructivism as a Theory for Teaching and Learning. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/constructivism.html.
Bloom's taxonomy
- Iowa State University. (2012). Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. Center for Excellence in Learning and Teaching. https://www.celt.iastate.edu/teaching/effective-teaching-practices/revised-blooms-taxonomy.
- Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy: An Overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212–218. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4104_2.
- Sprouts. (2019, January 3). Bloom’s Taxonomy: Structuring The Learning Journey [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayefSTAnCR8.
Gagne's nine instruction events
- Gagne’s Nine Levels of Learning: Training Your Team Effectively. (2022). Mind Tools. https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/gagne.htm.
- Kurt, S. (2020, December). Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction. Education Library. https://educationlibrary.org/gagnes-nine-events-of-instruction.
- Northern Illinois University Center for Innovative Teaching and Learning. (2020). Gagné’s nine events of instruction. In Instructional guide for university faculty and teaching assistants. https://www.niu.edu/citl/resources/guides/instructional-guide/gagnes-nine-events-of-instruction.shtml.
ADDIE model
- Instructional Design Australia. (2022, February 15). What is the ADDIE Model of Instructional Design Anyway?! https://instructionaldesign.com.au/what-is-the-addie-model-of-instructional-design-anyway.
- Molenda, M. (2003). In search of the elusive ADDIE model. Performance Improvement, 42(5), 34–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4930420508.
Merrill's first principles of instruction
- Merrill, M. D. (2002). First principles of instruction. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(3), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02505024.
- Merrill, M. D. (n.d.). M David Merrill [Photograph]. https://mdavidmerrill.wordpress.com/.
Universal design for learning
- Cornell University. (2022). Universal Design for Learning. Center for Teaching Innovation. https://teaching.cornell.edu/teaching-resources/designing-your-course/universal-design-learning.
- Learning Transformations Unit. (2019). Universal Design. Swinburne University (Intranet). https://www.swinburne.edu.au/intranet/learning-transformations/learning-design/pedagogical-resources/universal-design.
- TEDx Talks. (2016, October 13). Why We Need Universal Design | Michael Nesmith [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVdPNWMGyZY&feature=youtu.be.
- University of New South Wales. (2020). Universal Design for Learning (UDL). Teaching Practice. https://www.teaching.unsw.edu.au/universal-design-learning-udl.
Learning design in practice.
Scoping requirements
- Adams Becker, S., Caswell, T., Jensen, M., & Ulrich, G. (2014). Learner Analysis. Online Course Design Guide | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. https://dltoolkit.mit.edu/online-course-design-guide/pre-design/learner-analysis.
- Fulgencio, J. & Asino, T. I. (2021). Conducting a Learner Analysis. In J. K. McDonald & R. E. West (Eds.), Design for Learning: Principles, Processes, and Praxis. EdTech Books. https://edtechbooks.org/id/learner_analysis.
- Malamed, C. (2020, October 20). Types of Analysis for eLearning. The eLearning Coach. https://theelearningcoach.com/elearning_design/analysis-for-elearning.
Identify and develop learning outcomes
- Learning Transformations Unit. (2021). Design for Teaching and Learning. Swinburne University (Intranet). https://www.swinburne.edu.au/intranet/teaching-learning.
Storyboarding
- eLearning.net. (n.d.). Free eLearning Storyboard Template. eLearning Network. https://elearning.net/free-elearning-storyboard-template.
- Jumaat, N. F., & Tasir, Z. (2014). Instructional Scaffolding in Online Learning Environment: A Meta-analysis. International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Computing and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1109/latice.2014.22.
- Nice, J. V. (2014). PowerPoint Storyboard Template - Downloads. E-Learning Heroes. https://community.articulate.com/download/powerpoint-storyboard-template.
- Okur, M. R., & Gümüş, S. (2010). Storyboarding issues in online course production process. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 4712–4716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.755.
- Otago Polytechnic. (2022). Storyboard structure. Digital Skills for Collaborative OER Development. https://course.oeru.org/ds4oer/learning-pathways/developing-a-storyboard/storyboard-structure.
Assessment, feedback and active learning
- Deslauriers, L., McCarty, L. S., Miller, K., Callaghan, K., & Kestin, G. (2019). Measuring actual learning versus feeling of learning in response to being actively engaged in the classroom. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(39), 19251–19257. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821936116.
- Gokcora, D., & DePaulo, D. (2018). Frequent Quizzes and Student Improvement of Reading: A Pilot Study in a Community College Setting. SAGE Open, 8(2), 215824401878258. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018782580.
- NSW Government. (2021). Assessment principles. Education Standards Authority. https://educationstandards.nsw.edu.au/wps/portal/nesa/k-10/understanding-the-curriculum/assessment/assessment-principles.
- Paterson, C., Paterson, N., Jackson, W., & Work, F. (2020). What are students’ needs and preferences for academic feedback in higher education? A systematic review. Nurse Education Today, 85, 104236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104236.
- Prince, M. (2004). Does Active Learning Work? A Review of the Research. Journal of Engineering Education, 93(3), 223–231. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-9830.2004.tb00809.x.
- Promethean. (2021). Types of summative assessment and formative assessment. Promethean Blog. https://resourced.prometheanworld.com/types-of-summative-formative-assessment.
Pathways in learning design
- Hobson, L., & Kapp, K. (2021). What I Wish I Knew Before Becoming an Instructional Designer [E-book].
- Klein, J. D., & Kelly, W. Q. (2018). Competencies for Instructional Designers: A View from Employers. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 31(3), 225–247. https://doi.org/10.1002/piq.21257.
- Wang, X., Chen, Y., Ritzhaupt, A. D., & Martin, F. (2021). Examining competencies for the instructional design professional: An exploratory job announcement analysis. International Journal of Training and Development, 25(2), 95–123. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12209.
Learning design technologies
Tools for planning
- Otago Polytechnic. (2022). Storyboarding tools. Digital Skills for Collaborative OER Development. https://course.oeru.org/ds4oer/learning-pathways/developing-a-storyboard/storyboarding-tools.
Tools for engagement
- AdobeELearning. (2018, August 22). What is Adobe Captivate (2019 release)? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W08P7sowaSM.
- Articulate 360. (2019, September 30). Meet Articulate 360 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbKAqjbVE4s.
- H5P. (2015, December 29). H5P – Introduction [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1W7NlAfTZU4.
- iSpring. (2018, December 11). iSpring Suite: fully-stocked eLearning authoring tool [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAA4l062pXI.
- Kennedy, G. E. (2004). Promoting cognition in multimedia interactivity research. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 15(1), 43+. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A118496511/AONE?u=anon~7fbda44d&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=2c608cc5.
- Microsoft 365. (2018, May 3). Sway - Create, collaborate, seal the deal! [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwhhw47Pb0g.
Tools for assessment
- Case, scenario, problem, inquiry-based learning. (2021, September 2). Institute for Teaching and Learning Innovation. University of Queensland. https://itali.uq.edu.au/teaching-guidance/teaching-practices/active-learning/case-scenario-problem-inquiry-based-learning.
- Killam, L. (2019, May 9). Using H5P to Create Online Simulations. Insights from Nurse Killam. https://insights.nursekillam.com/att/sch/pres/using-h5p.
- Learning Transformations Unit. (2021). Design for Teaching and Learning. Swinburne University (Intranet). https://www.swinburne.edu.au/intranet/teaching-learning.
Additional resources
- Errington, E. P. (2003). Developing Scenario Based Learning: Practical Insights For Tertiary Educators [E-book]. Dunmore Press.
Main Topic Image
Is Study Guide?
Off
Is Assessment Consultation?
Off