Topic 2
5 proven ways to improve running economy. (n.d.). Suunto. https://www.suunto.com/en-nz/sports/News-Articles-container-page/5-proven-ways-to-improve-running-economy/
Barnes, K. R., & Kilding, A. E. (2015). Running economy: measurement, norms, and determining factors. Sports Medicine - Open, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0007-y
Billat, V. L., Flechet, B., Petit, B., & Koralsztein, J. P. (1999). Interval training at VO2max: effects on aerobic performance and overtraining markers. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/13362249_Interval_training_at_VO2max_effects_on_aerobic_performance_and_overtraining_markers
Bouchard, C., Daw, W., Rice, T., Pérusse, L., Gagnon, J., Province, M., Leon, A., Rao, D., Skinner, J., Wilmore, J. (1998). Familial resemblance for ˙VO2maxin the sedentary state: the HERITAGE family study. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30(2):p 252-258. https://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/1998/02000/Familial_resemblance_for__VO2maxin_the_sedentary.13.aspx
Burgess, M. (2019, October 14). The incredible science behind Eliud Kipchoge’s 1:59 marathon. WIRED UK. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/eliud-kipchoge-ineos-159-marathon
COROS | Performance Sports Technology. (n.d.). Weather PWA. https://coros.com/stories?world-record
Franklin, B. A., Thompson, P. D., Al-Zaiti, S. S., Albert, C. M., Hivert, M., Levine, B. D., Lobelo, F., Madan, K., Sharrief, A. Z., & Eijsvogels, T. M. (2020). Exercise-Related Acute Cardiovascular Events and Potential Deleterious Adaptations Following Long-Term Exercise Training: Placing the Risks Into Perspective–An Update: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 141(13). https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000749
Helgerud, J., Høydal, K. L., Wang, E., Karlsen, T., Berg, P. R., Bjerkaas, M., Simonsen, T. J., Helgesen, C. S., Hjorth, N. E., Bach, R., & Hoff, J. (2007b). Aerobic High-Intensity Intervals Improve V˙O2max More Than Moderate Training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(4), 665–671. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180304570
Ismail, I. M., Keating, S., Baker, M. J., & Caterson, I. D. (2011). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of aerobic vs. resistance exercise training on visceral fat. Obesity Reviews, 13(1), 68–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00931.x
McIlroy, L. (2019). Economy of Movement: Reducing Your Energy Wastage — METS Performance Consulting. METS Performance Consulting | Bridging the Gap. https://metsperformance.com/blog/economy-of-movement-reducing-your-energy-wastage
Penedo, F. J., & Dahn, J. R. (2005). Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18(2), 189–193. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001504-200503000-00013
Sayer, A. (2023, June 5). Marathon Heart Rate: What's A Typical Heart Rate During A Marathon? Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/marathon-heart-rate/
Scribbans, T. D. (2016). The Effect of Training Intensity on VO2max in Young Healthy Adults: A Meta-Regression and Meta-Analysis. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4836566/
Seiler, S., & Tønnessen, E. (2009). Intervals, Thresholds, and Long Slow Distance: the Role of Intensity and Duration in Endurance Training. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233855836_Intervals_Thresholds_and_Long_Slow_Distance_the_Role_of_Intensity_and_Duration_in_Endurance_Training
Training 4 Endurance. (2023, March 31). Lactate Threshold Training (Updated 2021): The Definitive Guide. https://training4endurance.co.uk/improve-endurance/lactate-threshold-training/#:~:text=The%20LT%20intensity%20can%20increase,based%20tests%20or%20time%20trials.
Van Mechelen, W. (1992). Running Injuries. Sports Medicine, 14(5), 320–335. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199214050-00004
VO2 max World Records. (n.d.). https://www.topendsports.com/testing/records/vo2max.htm
Willis, L. H., Slentz, C. A., Bateman, L. A., Shields, A. T., Piner, L. W., Bales, C. W., Houmard, J. A., & Kraus, W. E. (2012). Effects of aerobic and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(12), 1831–1837. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frank-Penedo/publication/7142228_Exercise_and_well-being_A_review_of_mental_and_physical_health_benefits_associated_with_physical_activity/links/626017968cb84a40ac7c761d/Exercise-and-well-being-A-review-of-mental-and-physical-health-benefits-associated-with-physical-activity.pdf?_sg%5B0%5D=started_experiment_milestone&origin=journalDetail
Topic 3
ASCA - Level 1 S & C Coach Accreditation – Module 2 Resource manual and participant notes
Bogdanis, G. C. (2012). Effects of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Muscle Fatigue. Frontiers in Physiology, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00142
Foss, M.L., Keteyian, S.J., & Fox, E.L. (1997). Fox’s physiological basis for exercise and sport (6th edition). (text book) Gamble, P. (2013). Strength and Conditioning for Team Sports. In Routledge eBooks. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203084250
How Periodization is Used by Endurance Athletes. (n.d.). Human Kinetics. NSCA. https://us.humankinetics.com/blogs/excerpt/how-periodization-is-used-by-endurance-athletes
Kishalı, N. F., Ulupinar, S., & Özbay, S. (2021). Energy system contributions and physiological responses during single and repeated Wingate exercise forms in kickboxers. Medicina Dello Sport, 74(2). https://doi.org/10.23736/s0025-7826.21.03808-4
Logue, C. (2023, June 6). Periodization Training: The Ultimate Guide. Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/periodization-training/
Lorenz, D. F., & Morrison, S. (2015). Current concepts in periodization of strength and conditioning for the sports physical therapist. PubMed, 10(6), 734–747. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26618056
Murach, K. A., & Bagley, J. R. (2015). Less Is More: The Physiological Basis for Tapering in Endurance, Strength, and Power Athletes. Sports, 3(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports3030209
Piedade, P. (2019). Advanced Guide to Periodization for Runners. RunPage Blog. http://blog.runpage.com/english/advanced-guide-to-periodization-for-runners
Quinn, E. (2020). Periodization Training for Endurance Athletes. Verywell Fit. https://www.verywellfit.com/periodization-training-for-endurance-athletes-3120606#citation-1
Tatsuno, J. (2021). An Overview of Periodization Training for Endurance Athletes. Competitive Edge. https://compedgept.com/blog/endurance-training-periodization/
Topic 4
Abbate, E. (2019). A Brief History of Running. 24Life. https://www.24life.com/a-brief-history-of-running/
Arbab-Zadeh, A., Perhonen, M. A., Howden, E. J., Peshock, R. M., Zhang, R., Adams-Huet, B., Haykowsky, M. J., & Levine, B. D. (2014). Cardiac Remodeling in Response to 1 Year of Intensive Endurance Training. Circulation, 130(24), 2152–2161. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.114.010775
Bangsbo, J. (2014). PHYSIOLOGICAL DEMANDS OF FOOTBALL. Sports Science Exchange. https://secure.footprint.net/gatorade/stg/gssiweb/pdf/SSE125_Bangsbo.pdf
Bouwsema, M. M., Tedjasaputra, V., & Stickland, M. K. (2017). Are there sex differences in the capillary blood volume and diffusing capacity response to exercise? Journal of Applied Physiology, 122(3), 460–469. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00389.2016
Convertino, V. A. (2007). Blood Volume Response to Physical Activity and Inactivity. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 334(1), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1097/maj.0b013e318063c6e4
Coutts, A. J., Quinn, J. P., Hocking, J., Castagna, C., & Rampinini, E. (2010). Match running performance in elite Australian Rules Football. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(5), 543–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.09.004
Cunniffe, B., Proctor, W., Baker, D., & Davies, B. (2009). An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 23(4), 1195–1203. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181a3928b
Farrell, C. (2023, May 29). Normal Versus Chronic Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise. StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK572066/#:~:text=Effective%20aerobic%20exercise%20has%20been,endurance%20capacity%2C%20and%20improved%20performance.
Gabbett, T. J., Jenkins, D. J., & Abernethy, B. (2012). Physical demands of professional rugby league training and competition using microtechnology. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(1), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.07.004
Gillen, C. M., Lee, R. W., Mack, G. W., Tomaselli, C. M., Nishiyasu, T., & Nadel, E. R. (1991). Plasma volume expansion in humans after a single intense exercise protocol. Journal of Applied Physiology, 71(5), 1914–1920. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.1914
Grgic, J., Oppici, L., Mikulic, P., Bangsbo, J., Bangsbo, J., & Pedisic, Z. (2019). Test–Retest Reliability of the Yo-Yo Test: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 49(10), 1547–1557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01143-4
Grgic, J., Lazinica, B., & Pedisic, Z. (2021). Test–retest reliability of the 30–15 Intermittent Fitness Test: A systematic review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 10(4), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.010
Heins, W. (2022, November 18). The 10% Rule: Is It A Valid Way To Increase Your Weekly Running Mileage? Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/the-10-percent-rule/
Howden, E. J., Perhonen, M. A., Peshock, R. M., Zhang, R., Arbab-Zadeh, A., Adams-Huet, B., & Levine, B. D. (2015). Females have a blunted cardiovascular response to one year of intensive supervised endurance training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 119(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00092.2015
Jennings, D., Cormack, S. J., Coutts, A. J., & Aughey, R. J. (2012). GPS Analysis of an International Field Hockey Tournament. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 7(3), 224–231. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.7.3.224
Klausen, K., Andersen, L. B., & Pelle, I. (1981). Adaptive changes in work capacity, skeletal muscle capillarization and enzyme levels during training and detraining. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 113(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1981.tb06854.x
Marcus, J. J. (2020). Link of the Day: Ernst van Aaken — Bonkers or Simply Ahead of His Time? — HIGH PERFORMANCE WEST. HIGH PERFORMANCE WEST. https://www.highperformancewest.com/link-of-the-day/2020/9/23/ernst-van-aaken-bonkers-or-simply-ahead-of-histime
Mayorga-Vega, D. (2015, September 1). Criterion-Related Validity of the 20-M Shuttle Run Test for Estimating Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Meta-Analysis. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4541117/
Mendonca, G. V., Matos, P., & Correia, J. (2020). Running economy in recreational male and female runners with similar levels of cardiovascular fitness. Journal of Applied Physiology, 129(3), 508–515. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00349.2020
Pereira, T., Clemente, F. M., De Jesus, M. C. M., Vieira, C. A., Misuta, M. S., De Barros, R. P., & Moura, F. A. (2016). Analysis of the distances covered and technical actions performed by professional tennis players during official matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(4), 361–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1165858
Petersen, C. C., Pyne, D. B., Dawson, B., Portus, M., & Kellett, A. (2010). Movement patterns in cricket vary by both position and game format. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903348665
Pilastro, E. (2022, August 9). Kate Jayden breaks record running 106 marathons in 106 days. Guinness World Records. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/8/kate-jayden-breaks-record-running-106-marathons-in-106-days-712556
Purdom, T. M., Kravitz, L., Dokladny, K., & Mermier, C. M. (2018). Understanding the factors that effect maximal fat oxidation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0207-1
Sayer, A. (2022). The Ultimate LSD Run Guide: Long Slow Distance Running, Explained. Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/lsd-run-guide/
Sayer, A. (2023). The Progressive Overload Principle, Explained. Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/progressive-overload/
Santisteban, K. J., Lovering, A. T., Halliwill, J. R., & Minson, C. T. (2022). Sex Differences in VO2max and the Impact on Endurance-Exercise Performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 4946. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094946
Støa, E. M., Helgerud, J., Rønnestad, B. R., Hansen, J., Ellefsen, S., & Støren, Ø. (2020). Factors Influencing Running Velocity at Lactate Threshold in Male and Female Runners at Different Levels of Performance. Frontiers in Physiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.585267
Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A. T., Dalbo, V. J., Berkelmans, D. M., & Milanović, Z. (2017). The Activity Demands and Physiological Responses Encountered During Basketball Match-Play: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 48(1), 111–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0794-z
Suarez-Arrones, L., Núñez, F. J., Portillo, J., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2012). Running Demands and Heart Rate Responses in Men Rugby Sevens. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(11), 3155–3159. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318243fff7
Tedjasaputra, V., Bouwsema, M. M., & Stickland, M. K. (2016). Effect of aerobic fitness on capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise. The Journal of Physiology, 594(15), 4359–4370. https://doi.org/10.1113/jp272037
Training for Cardiovascular Fitness. (n.d.), Sports Medicine Department of the University of Colorado Hospital. https://www.ucdenver.edu/docs/librariesprovider65/clinical-services/sports-medicine/training-for-cardiovascular-fitness.pdf
Turcotte, L. P., & Richter, E. A. (1992). Increased plasma FFA uptake and oxidation during prolonged exercise in trained vs. untrained humans. American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism, 262(6), E791–E799. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.262.6.e791
Wellnessed. (2022). A Guide to Long Slow Distance (Low-Intensity Cardio). Wellnessed. https://wellnessed.com/long-slow-distance-running/
Wong, P., Chaouachi, A., Castagna, C., Lau, P. W., Chamari, K., & Wisløff, U. (2011). Validity of the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance test in young soccer players. European Journal of Sport Science, 11(5), 309–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2010.521579
Topic 5
Anderson, J. (2017, September 17). How to Design Fartlek Training Sessions for Your Sport - Sport Fitness Advisor. Sport Fitness Advisor. https://www.sport-fitness-advisor.com/fartlek-training.html
Ball, S. T., Halaki, M., & Orr, R. (2019). Movement Demands of Rugby Sevens in Men and Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3475–3490. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000003197
Billat, V., Sirvent, P., Leprêtre, P., & Koralsztein, J. P. (2004). Training effect on performance, substrate balance and blood lactate concentration at maximal lactate steady state in master endurance-runners. Pflügers Archiv: European Journal of Physiology, 447(6), 875–883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-003-1215-8
Boineau, R. (2016). Ratings of perceived exertion at the lactate threshold in trained and untrained men and women. www.academia.edu. https://www.academia.edu/28071593/Ratings_of_perceived_exertion_at_the_lactate_threshold_in_trained_and_untrained_men_and_women
Boyd, M. (2023). Training Zone Calculators for Running | Matthew Boyd Physio. https://matthewboydphysio.com/training-zone-calculator-running/#20minutetest
Burke, L. M. (2013). Practical Considerations for Bicarbonate Loading and Sports Performance. In Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop series (pp. 15–26). Karger Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1159/000345814
Coach D’s Complete Guide to Fartlek Runs. (2021). Running Directions. https://runningdirections.com/coach-ds-complete-guide-to-fartlek-runs/
De Sousa Lino, R., Lagares, L. S., Oliveira, C. C., Queiroz, C. O., Pinto, L. L. T., De Almeida, L. G. P., Bonfim, E. S., & Santos, C. P. C. D. (2021). Effect of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on two different performance indicators in sports: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Physical Activity and Nutrition (Online), 25(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/10.20463/pan.2021.0002
Djaoui, L., Wong, D. P., Pialoux, V., Hautier, C., Da Silva, C. D., Chamari, K., & Dellal, A. (2013). Physical Activity during a Prolonged Congested Period in a Top-Class European Football Team. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34233
Enoksen, E., Shalfawi, S. a. I., & Tønnessen, E. (2011). The Effect of High- vs. Low-Intensity Training on Aerobic Capacity in Well-Trained Male Middle-Distance Runners. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(3), 812–818. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181cc2291
Franchini, E., Da Silva Santos, J. F., Artioli, G. G., Loturco, I., Abbiss, C. R., & Franchini, E. (2018). Sodium bicarbonate ingestion increases glycolytic contribution and improves performance during simulated taekwondo combat. European Journal of Sport Science, 18(3), 431–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1424942
Hopker, J. G., Coleman, D. A., & Passfield, L. (2009). Changes in Cycling Efficiency during a Competitive Season. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(4), 912–919. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31818f2ab2
How to determine your tempo running pace. (2018). ENERTOR®. https://enertor.com/blogs/enertors/running-pace-tempo
Kelly, J. M. (1989). Lactate Threshold. Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science, Vol. 54 No.3, 8-13. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/jmas/vol54/iss3/4
Kunz, M. (2023). How to Find Your Tempo Pace and Get Faster — Runstreet. Runstreet. https://www.runstreet.com/blog/tempo-pace
Lactate Threshold Testing - Exercise Physiology Core Laboratory. (2022, December 13). Exercise Physiology Core Laboratory. https://med.virginia.edu/exercise-physiology-core-laboratory/fitness-assessment-for-community-members/lactate-threshold-testing/
Lactate Threshold Training (2021): The Definitive Guide. Training 4 Endurance. https://training4endurance.co.uk/improve-endurance/lactate-threshold-training/
Martin, H. (2023). Fartlek Training: What Is It, Benefits, Tips, and Workouts. The Run Experience. https://therunexperience.com/fartlek/
Matošević, M. (2023). What Is Fartlek? (12 Creative Fartlek Training Examples). OLYRUN. https://www.olyrun.com/fartlek-training/
Mean distances covered by professional soccer players. (n.d.). ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Mean-distances-covered-by-professional-soccer-players-according-to-the-number-of-match_tbl2_262680750
Mohite, S. A., & Shinde, S. B. (2019). Effect of Early Intervention with Spinal Isometric Exercises in Acute Lumbar Intervertabral Disc Prolapse. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy—An International Journal, 13(2), 170. https://doi.org/10.5958/0973-5674.2019.00067.4
NSCA's Guide to Tests and Assessments. (2020). Performing a Lactate Threshold Test. nsca.com. https://nsca.com/education/articles/kinetic-select/performing-a-lactate-threshold-test/
Priest, J. W., & Hagan, R. D. (1987). The effects of maximum steady state pace training on running performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 21(1), 18–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.21.1.18
Rascon, J. (2020). Differences between Males and Females in Determining Exercise Intensity. PubMed Central (PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7523896/#:~:text=Their%20findings%20showed%20that%20there,6%2C%2022%2C%2024).
Sjödin, B., Jacobs, I., & Svedenhag, J. (1982). Changes in onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) and muscle enzymes after training at OBLA. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Therapy, 49(1), 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00428962
Wheatley, C. M., Snyder, E. M., Johnson, B. E., & Olson, T. P. (2014). Sex differences in cardiovascular function during submaximal exercise in humans. SpringerPlus, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-445
Willemse, F.J. (2012). Heart rate and graded maximal test values to determine rugby union game intensities of adolescent boys. Dissertation – North-West University (South Africa). https://dspace.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/9254/Willemse_FJvZ.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1
Topic 6
ACSM (2014). High Intensity Interval Training. ACSM Brochure. Information Courtesy of Dr Len Kravitz. https://www.acsm.org/docs/default-source/files-for-resource-library/high-intensity-interval-training.pdf
High-Intensity Interval Training. (2011). American Council on Exercise https://www.acefitness.org/resources/everyone/blog/6752/high-intensity-interval-training/
Atakan, M. M., Li, Y., Koşar, Ş., Turnagöl, H. H., & Lin, Y. (2021). Evidence-Based Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Exercise Capacity and Health: A Review with Historical Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 7201. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137201
Billat, V., Flechet., Petit. B., Muriaux, G., & Koralsztein, J. (1999). Interval training at VO2max: effects on aerobic performance and overtraining markers. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 31. 156-63. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/13362249_Interval_training_at_VO2max_effects_on_aerobic_performance_and_overtraining_markers
Billat, L. V. (2001). Interval Training for Performance: A Scientific and Empirical Practice. Sports Medicine, 31(1), 13–31. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12110880_Interval_training_for_performance_A_scientific_and_empirical_practice_Special_recommendations_for_middle-_and_long-distance_running_Part_I_Aerobic_interval_training
Gamble, P. (2013). Strength and Conditioning for Team Sports. In Routledge eBooks. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203084250
HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training). (2023, February 2). The Nutrition Source. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/high-intensity-interval-training/#:~:text=Interval%20training%20was%20first%20introduced,additional%20equipment%20is%20not%20needed.
Kilpatrick, M. W., Jung, M. E., & Little, J. P. (2014). HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING. Acsm’s Health & Fitness Journal, 18(5), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1249/fit.0000000000000067
Kuzdub, M. (2020). Rally Lengths in Tennis: A Contrasting Perspective. Mattspoint Tennis. https://www.mattspoint.com/blog/rally-lengths-in-tennis-a-contrasting-perspective
Luke, H. (2022). Interval Training – What Ratio Is Best? | CMS Fitness Courses. CMS Fitness Courses. https://www.cmsfitnesscourses.co.uk/blog/interval-training-what-ratio-is-best/
Rosenblat, M. A., Granata, C., & Thomas, S. (2022). Effect of Interval Training on the Factors Influencing Maximal Oxygen Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(6), 1329–1352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01624-5
Sandbakk, Ø., Sandbakk, S. B., Ettema, G., & Welde, B. (2013). Effects of Intensity and Duration in Aerobic High-Intensity Interval Training in Highly Trained Junior Cross-Country Skiers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(7), 1974–1980. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182752f08
Sayer, A. (2022). How Often Should You Do HIIT Workouts? 5 Deciding Factors. Marathon Handbook. https://marathonhandbook.com/how-often-should-you-do-hiit-workouts/
Seiler, S., Jøranson, K., Olesen, B. V., & Hetlelid, K. J. (2011). Adaptations to aerobic interval training: interactive effects of exercise intensity and total work duration. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 23(1), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01351.x
Training 4 Endurance. (2023). vVO2max | The Velocity at VO2max (updated 2021) A key training intensity. https://training4endurance.co.uk/physiology-of-endurance/vvo2max/
Training4endurance. (2023). Recovery intervals: a key part of vo2 max training. Training 4 Endurance. https://training4endurance.co.uk/passive-vs-active-recovery-during-interval-training/
USTA (n.d.). Time Allowed between Sets. United States Tennis Association – Regulations. https://www.usta.com/content/dam/usta/sections/midwest/pdfs/central-indiana/Rest%20Period%20between%20Sets.pdf
Weiner, Z. (2021). Science Just Gave Us the Magic Number of HIIT Sessions To Do per Week. Well+Good. https://www.wellandgood.com/too-much-hiit/
Topic 7
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Acceleration vs. Maximum Speed. NSCA – Developing speed. www.nsca.com. https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/kinetic-select/acceleration-vs.-maximum-speed/
Bidlow, C. (2022). Resisted Sprint Training For Sprinters & Speed Power Athletes. SprintingWorkouts.com | the Sprinting Website. https://sprintingworkouts.com/blogs/training/resisted-sprints-sled-training
Cavagna, G., & Kaneko, M. (1977). Mechanical work and efficiency in level walking and running. The Journal of Physiology, 268(2), 467–481. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1977.sp011866
Designing a Speed Training Session. Optimising Athletic Performance. Flow High Performance. Designing a Speed Training Session | Optimizing Athletic Performance
Glaeser, C. (2013). How to Calculate Optimal Stride Length and Stride Frequency Using Trochanter Length. Freelap -Freedom of timing. How to Calculate Optimal Stride Length and Stride Frequency Using Trochanter Length - Freelap USA
Hale,J. (2004) Quickness Training [WWW] Available from: https://www.brianmac.co.uk/articles/scni11a5.htm
Hernandez, M. (2022, March 17). Benefits of SAQ Training | Chuze Fitness. Chuze Fitness. https://chuzefitness.com/blog/benefits-of-saq-training/#:~:text=SAQ%20drills%20help%20you%20develop,training%20sessions%20for%20some%20s%2Dw%2De%2Da%2Dt.
Hicks, D. (2018). Resisted and assisted sprint training: Determining the transfer to maximal sprinting. New Studies in Athletics 1(2):35-51. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dylan-Hicks/publication/328566479_Resisted_and_assisted_sprint_training_Determining_the_transfer_to_maximal_sprinting/links/5bd525c94585150b2b8b3267/Resisted-and-assisted-sprint-training-Determining-the-transfer-to-maximal-sprinting.pdf
Hunter, J. L., Marshall, R. A., & McNair, P. J. (2004). Interaction of Step Length and Step Rate during Sprint Running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(2), 261–271. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000113664.15777.53
Intensity and Volume by Drill Type. (2017). NSCA – Developing Agility and Quickness. www.nsca.com. https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/kinetic-select/intensity-and-volume-by-drill-type/
Kaplan, D. (n.d.). The Story Behind the Amazing Success of Black Athletes, by Jon Entine. http://run-down.com/guests/je_black_athletes_p1.php
Little, T. D. C., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of Acceleration, Maximum Speed, and Agility in Professional Soccer Players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.1519/14253.1
Lockie, R., Murphy, A., & Spinks, C. (2003). Effects of Resisted Sled Towing on Sprint Kinematics in Field-Sport Athletes. Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength & Conditioning Association. 17. 760-7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/6728046_Effects_of_Resisted_Sled_Towing_on_Sprint_Kinematics_in_Field-Sport_Athletes
Mackenzie, B. (n.d.). Skill - Quickness Training. https://www.brianmac.co.uk/articles/scni11a5.htm
MacLennan, A. (2021). Important factors for speed development. NZIS classroom presentation notes.
Miller, K. (n.d.). Speed, Agility and Quickness: SAQ for You. https://blog.nasm.org/sports-performance/speed-agility-quickness-saq
Moreno, E. (1995). Developing Quickness, Part II. Strength & Conditioning Journal (NSCA). https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/Citation/1995/02000/HIGH_SCHOOL_CORNER__Developing_Quickness,_Part_II.9.aspx
O’Donnellan, R.(2020). Change Of Direction Mistakes & How To Fix Them. EliteSpeed. https://elitespeedsp.com/blogs/news/change-of-direction-mistakes-how-to-fix-them
Potential for and Limits of Speed Development. (n.d.). Human Kinetics. https://us.humankinetics.com/blogs/excerpt/potential-for-and-limits-of-speed-development
Rogers, K. (2016). What's the Difference Between Speed and Velocity?. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/story/whats-the-difference-between-speed-and-velocity.
Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W. L. (2006). Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(9), 919–932. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500457109
Track and Field Coaching Education. (n.d.). Track and Field Coaching Education. https://seanbernstein.com/sprintmechanics#:~:text=According%20to%20Tony%20Wells%2C%20optimal,multiplied%20by%20the%20trochanter%20length.
Track Star USA. (2017). How long should my strides be? - Track Star USA. https://trackstarusa.com/long-stride-length/#:~:text=The%20leg%20length%20of%20an,2.5%2D2.7%20for%20male%20athletes.
Training speed abilities. (n.d.). https://www.fsps.muni.cz/emuni/data/reader/book-6/09.html
Walanka, P., & Shetty, J. (2020). Speed, agility and quickness training: A Review. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 7(6): 157-159. https://www.kheljournal.com/archives/2020/vol7issue6/PartC/7-5-55-730.pdf
Weyand, P. G., Sternlight, D. B., Bellizzi, M. J., & Wright, S. W. (2000). Faster top running speeds are achieved with greater ground forces not more rapid leg movements. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(5), 1991–1999. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.1991
Young, W., McLean, B., & Ardagna, J. (1995). Relationship between strength qualities and sprinting performance. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness. 35. 13-9. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/15724088_Relationship_between_strength_qualities_and_sprinting_performance
Young, W. B., Benton, D. T., & Pryor, J. B. (2001). Resistance Training for Short Sprints and Maximum-speed Sprints. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 23(2), 7. https://doi.org/10.1519/00126548-200104000-00001
Young, Warren & James, R & Montgomery, I. (2002). Is Muscle Power Related to Running Speed With Changes of Direction?. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 42. 282-8.(PDF) Is Muscle Power Related to Running Speed With Changes of Direction? (researchgate.net)
Zafeiridis, A., Saraslanidis, P., Manou, V., & Kellis, S. (2005). The effects of resisted sled-pulling sprint training on acceleration and maximum speed performance. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7535410_The_effects_of_resisted_sled-pulling_sprint_training_on_acceleration_and_maximum_speed_performance
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