In the dynamic and competitive landscape of the hospitality industry, understanding the external environment is crucial for strategic planning and long-term success. An environment analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the factors that can influence business operations, helping industry professionals to anticipate challenges and seize opportunities. By systematically examining political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors through a PESTEL analysis, businesses can gain insights into the broader context in which they operate. Additionally, conducting a SWOT analysis enables organisations to identify their internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats. This dual approach equips hospitality businesses with the knowledge to make informed decisions, adapt to changes, and maintain a competitive edge. As the industry continues to evolve with trends such as digital transformation and sustainable practices, environment analysis remains an essential tool for navigating the complexities of the modern hospitality sector
A PESTEL analysis is a framework which an organisation can use in its management strategy which looks at the external factors which might affect it. PESTEL analysis looks at macro-economic factors in order to help analyse their potential impact on the organisation and the industry it operates in. Macro-economics refers to the study of the overall functioning and performance of the economy on a large scale and focuses on national or regional economic factors such as GDP, employment rates, inflation and other aggregate measures, as opposed to micro-economics which examines smaller economic units like industries, firms and households.
What are the PESTEL factors?
1. Political Factors
Understanding and monitoring political factors is important for a business to anticipate and react to changes in government policy or regulations. Political factors which influence a PESTEL analysis refer to the impact of government policies and include:
A stable government can impact the business environment by providing an economic climate which promotes economic growth and investment. Government instability can lead to economic downturns and create challenges to business.
Changes in tax can have an impact on the profitability of an organisation. This could be through company tax rates, GST or tax incentives which may affect investment decisions.
Laws and regulations around employment have a direct effect on all businesses, and hospitality is no exception. In particular, the minimum wage level, working condition and workers’ rights regulations can all impact operating costs and business profitability.
Governments may impose specific regulations on certain industries. For example, environmental regulations may impact parts of the travel and tourism industry (e.g. the ban on flights under 150 minutes where there is an alternative rail connection by the French government).
2. Economic Factors
Understanding the macro-economic factors at play can help a business to identify trends and be aware of changes in the economic environment and adapt its strategy accordingly. This allows the business to mitigate potential risks, make the most of opportunities and attain a competitive advantage. Economic factors can affect operations, profitability and growth, and include:
The health of an economy is often measured by indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP). A growing economy can lead to increased demand for goods and services, while a slow economy can result in reduced demand.
Interest rates directly affect the cost of borrowing money and can affect business investment as well as consumer demand.
Inflation is the indicator of how much the price of goods and services increases over time. High rates of inflation can negatively impact purchasing power, whilst low inflation rates can create an environment in which consumers are encouraged to spend and businesses to invest.
Currency exchange rates impact not only businesses reliant on importing or exporting goods, but also the spending power of overseas visitors. For example, when the $NZ is relatively weak against the $US, visitors from the United States will find goods and services relatively cheaper when they are here.
Unemployment can impact general consumer confidence and willingness to spend, as well as an organisation’s ability to hire skilled workers. High unemployment may result in lower consumer spending, whereas low unemployment rates may lead to increased demand for goods and services.
3. Socio-Cultural Factors
These factors refer to social and cultural influences on consumer behaviour, preferences and market trends which are crucial in determining the demand for goods and services. Understanding the effect of socio-cultural factors can help a business to adapt their offer and strategies to maintain relevance and competitiveness. Some of these factors include:
Demographic changes in a population can affect demand and desire for particular goods and services. For example, a younger demographic often values sustainability and unique experiences leading to a preference for eco-friendly products and personalised services.
A society’s traditions, values and beliefs can affect attitudes and preferences towards particular goods and services. For example, societal values may prioritise environmental sustainability and therefore drive up demand for eco-friendly products.
Changes in a society’s lifestyle preferences can affect the types of goods and services which are in demand. Trends such as health consciousness, sustainability, digital nomadism etc. can affect aspects of the hospitality industry and influence an organisation’s offerings and strategies to evolve to maintain any competitive advantage.
4. Technological Factors
Staying current with developments in technology is crucial for hospitality businesses to gain and maintain a competitive edge and to differentiate themselves in the market to better meet evolving customer needs. Technological factors for a PESTEL analysis are those which can offer growth opportunities and business efficiency, but also cause challenges and disruptions for those which fail to adapt. Some of these factors include:
Technologies advance rapidly, so staying current with relevant developments is important for hospitality businesses as much as any other. New technology can lead to new products or services and lead to more efficient processes.
The use of artificial intelligence and automation helps to improve efficiencies and provides convenience for customers. It helps a business to reduce labour costs and to complete complex tasks quickly. However, this comes at the cost of possible job losses and potential skill gaps.
Digital tech, such as cloud computing and data analytics can help a business to improve decision-making, processes and customer experiences.
This concept refers to a network of physical devices, appliances, vehicles and other objects which contain sensors and software to allow them to communicate with each other in a network. This technology is applied as smart homes or smart hotel rooms in which the guest can control their own room’s lighting, temperature and entertainment system for a personalised experience (What Is the Internet of Things (IoT)? | IBM, n.d.).
As you saw in the video linked in the smart room video, data security and privacy is a major concern. Protecting customer privacy and data must be planned in conjunction with investment in new technology to protect the business and retain the confidence of its customers.
The advancement of this technology has had a dramatic impact on the way many businesses operate, especially in the food and beverage industry. The Covid pandemic saw a huge rise in home deliveries of meals, ranging from takeaway style to even fine-dining restaurants. This tech has revolutionised the way in which businesses of all kinds interact with their customers and conduct transactions. Companies can leverage online sales channels, optimise their websites for mobile devices and capitalise on social media for marketing and customer engagement.
Communication tech like 5G and video conferencing tools can change the way in which businesses communicate with customers, suppliers and staff by offering faster and more efficient communication, collaboration and remote work.
5. Environmental Factors
Understanding environmental factors can help a business to anticipate changes in attitudes and regulations around sustainability and being a good corporate citizen. Some of the factors to include for a PESTEL analysis are:
Climate change is one of the biggest topics of concern around the world, and has been shown to result in rising temperatures, severe weather events and less predictability in weather patterns. Climate change affects businesses of all kinds, from agriculture to tourism to infrastructure and insurance. Hospitality businesses have an opportunity to embrace strategies to help mitigate their environmental impact and need to plan for future changes in environmental conditions.
The availability and cost of resources such as energy, water and food ingredients can impact the hospitality industry to a large extent. Lack of availability and supply-chain disruption can result in increased costs and necessitate alternatives.
Government and local councils have regulations around pollution and controlling waste. In food and beverage businesses, practices such as seasonal menus, minimising wastage of fresh food ingredients through smart purchasing, efficient chilled storage, maximising use of entire purchased ingredient and good portion control are all techniques which can help in reducing waste. In addition, the implementation of recycling regimes can help in reducing the environmental impact of packaging materials, with food scraps going into compost collection schemes.
Sustainability is an increasingly important topic concerning many customers of the hospitality industry. It is a touchstone topic for customers to judge an organisation’s commitment to being socially responsible and good corporate citizens, with many customers seeking businesses which prioritise energy efficiency, use of renewables, ethical ingredient sourcing and other sustainability practices. Implementing sustainability is a good way for businesses to gain a competitive advantage and appeal to environmentally-conscious customers and investors.
National and local government may implement or change existing laws around environmental issues. This could be in terms of acceptable emission limits, energy efficiency requirements and conservation policies.
6. Legal Factors
Understanding legal requirements and responsibilities ensures businesses remain compliant to minimise legal risks. In a PESTEL analysis, legal factors refer to laws, regulations and other legal requirements which can impact an organisation or an industry. Some legality factors include:
Regulations governing minimum pay, workers’ rights and conditions, health and safety, privacy, equality etc. can affect how an organisation operates and may affect costs. Companies must remain compliant to avoid legal penalties, maintain employee satisfaction and protect their reputation.
One of the most critical pieces of legislation governing how businesses operate in New Zealand is around the health and safety of employees and customers. Legislation covers aspects including worker safety, product safety and food safety.
IP laws protect patents, trademarks, copyright and trade secrets. Companies should be aware of these laws not only to protect their own IP, but also to ensure they don’t infringe the law in relation to other organisations’ IP. An example is the use of imagery for websites which is not either self-generated or legally acquired for use.
Consumer protection laws protect customers from unfair business practices, like false advertising, deceptive pricing and poor product quality. Compliance with these laws not only ensure legal compliance but also ensure no loss of reputation through infringing upon them.
We already noted the importance of organisations being environmentally conscious, but there are also laws and regulations which control issues of pollution, resource conservation, waste management etc.
These laws are designed to promote fair competition in any particular industry and to prevent anti-competitive practices like price-fixing, market manipulation and monopolies.
Businesses must comply with all the relevant tax laws. In New Zealand, the Internal Revenue Department is the legal authority charged with collecting appropriate taxes, and for business these include business tax, PAYE, GST, ACC levies. Read more about the taxes businesses may be liable for in New Zealand on the business.govt.nz website.
Taken from (The Strategy Story, 2024)
SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to identify and evaluate the internal and external factors that can impact an organisation's performance. It stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. This framework helps businesses understand their current position and develop strategies to leverage strengths, address weaknesses, capitalise on opportunities, and mitigate threats. In the hospitality industry, SWOT analysis is crucial for adapting to market changes, improving service offerings, and maintaining a competitive edge.
Components of SWOT Analysis
Internal attributes and resources that provide a competitive advantage. Examples in hospitality could include:
- Strong brand reputation
- Loyal customer base
- Unique location
- Service quality
- Good amenities and facilities
Internal limitations or areas where the organisation lacks resources or capabilities. Examples in hospitality could include:
- Poor customer reviews or complaints
- Lack of amenities or outdated facilities
- Ineffective marketing strategies
- High staff turnover or skill gaps
External challenges that the organisation can exploit to its advantage. Examples in hospitality could include:
- Emerging markets or increasing tourism trends
- Enhanced guest experiences through advances in technology
- Collaboration with local businesses or cultural events
- Growing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable tourism
External challenges that could negatively impact the organisation’s performance. Examples in hospitality could include:
- Increased competition from new market entrants or alternative accommodations
- Economic downturns affecting travel and leisure spending
- Changes in regulations or political instability
- Natural disasters or health pandemics affecting travel
Video Title: Business strategy – SWOT analysis
Watch Time: 3:07 minutes
Video Summary: This video introduces the idea behind doing a SWOT analysis
Source: YouTube Channel: 365 Financial Analyst
Conducting a SWOT Analysis
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Gather Information- Collect data on the organisation’s operations, financial performance, customer feedback and industry trends.
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Identify Strengths and Weaknesses- Analyse internal processes, resources and capabilities to determine what sets the business apart and where improvements are needed
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Evaluate Opportunities and Threats- Examine the external environment, including market trends, competitor activities and regulatory changes to identify potential opportunities and threats
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Develop strategy initiatives- Use the insights gained from the SWOT analysis to formulate strategies that leverage strengths, address weaknesses, seize opportunities and mitigate threats.
Competitive analysis is a critical component of environmental analysis in the hospitality industry. It involves evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, strategies, and market positions of current and potential competitors. By understanding the competitive landscape, hospitality businesses can identify opportunities for differentiation, anticipate market shifts, and develop strategies to maintain or enhance their competitive advantage.
Steps in Conducting a Competitive Analysis
1. Key Competitors
Determine who your direct and indirect competitors are within the market.
- Direct competitors offer similar services or target the same customer segments.
- Indirect competitors may serve similar needs with different products or services.
2. Key Competitor Offerings
Examine the range of products and services offered by competitors. Consider factors such as quality, variety, pricing and unique selling propositions (USPs).
3. Market Position and Brand Reputation
Assess competitors’ market share and brand reputation. Consider how they are perceived by customers and the strengths that contribute to their market position.
4. Review Marketing and Sales Strategies
Analyse competitors’ marketing and sales tactics. Pay attention to their promotional activities, digital presence, partnerships and customer engagement strategies.
5. Identify Strengths and Weaknesses
Determine the strengths that give competitors an edge in the market and the weaknesses that present opportunities for your business to capitalise on.
6. Assess Customer Feedback and Loyalty
Gather insights from customer reviews, feedback and loyalty programmes to understand competitors’ strengths and areas where they may be falling short.
Case Study
Competitive Analysis for Pauanui Ocean Resort
Key Competitors
- Boutique Hotels in Coromandel Peninsula
- Can offer unique experiences, personalised services and exclusive amenities to target a niche market of travellers seeding intimate and distinctive accommodations
- Airbnb and Holiday Rentals
- Can provide travellers with diverse and flexible accommodation options, appealing to budget-conscious and adventure-seeking tourists.
- Luxury Resorts in New Zealand
- Competing luxury resorts across New Zealand can attract affluent travellers with high-end services, premium amenities and exceptional experiences.
Competitor Offerings
- Boutique Hotels in Coromandel Peninsula
- Often provide bespoke services and themed experiences, appealing to travellers looking for a personal touch. These hotels may have a strong local presence and reputation for authenticity.
- Airbnb and Vacation Rentals
- Offer unique accommodations such as beach houses and rural retreats, catering to travellers seeking privacy, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.
- Luxury Resorts
- Compete on factors such as brand prestige, location, and comprehensive luxury services. They may have established international reputations and a loyal customer base.
Competitor Strengths and Weaknesses
- Boutique Hotels
- Strengths: Personalised service, unique experiences, strong local ties.
- Weaknesses: Limited capacity, less brand recognition.
- Airbnb and Vacation Rentals
- Strengths: Variety of options, competitive pricing, local experiences.
- Weaknesses: Inconsistent quality, lack of standardised service.
- Luxury Resorts
- Strengths: High brand recognition, extensive amenities, premium services.
- Weaknesses: Higher costs, potential lack of personalisation.
Strategic Implications for Pauanui Ocean Resort
- Differentiation through Unique Offerings: Pauanui Ocean Resort can focus on offering unique cultural and adventure-based activities that differentiate it from standard luxury resorts and Airbnb options.
- Enhancing Guest Experience: Invest in personalisation and technological upgrades to enhance guest experiences, leveraging strengths similar to boutique hotels while maintaining luxury standards.
- Sustainability and Eco-Friendliness: Capitalise on the growing demand for sustainable tourism by integrating eco-friendly practices and marketing these initiatives as a key differentiator.
- Competitive Pricing Strategies: Evaluate pricing strategies to ensure competitiveness with boutique hotels and vacation rentals while highlighting the added value of the resort’s comprehensive amenities and services.
- Leveraging Brand Reputation: Build on the existing strong reputation through targeted marketing campaigns and partnerships to reach broader domestic and international markets.
One initiative to gain a competitive advantage for New Zealand hospitality businesses is to leverage the growing demand from both domestic and overseas guests for genuine and unique cultural experiences through integrating aspects of te ao Māori.
Te Ao Māori
Te ao Māori refers to the Māori worldview. It encompasses three key areas:
- Te Tiriti o Waitangi |Treaty of Waitangi
- Te reo Māori (Māori language) Māori is one of the three official languages of Aotearoa | New Zealand, along with English and New Zealand sign language. It is one of the taonga | treasures enshrined and protected under te Tiriti o Waitangi | Treaty of Waitangi (Waka, 2024).
- Tikanga Māori (Māori customs and protocols) Tikanga is the lore which describes behavioural guidelines handed down from generation to generation for how to live and interact with others. For the hospitality industry, one particularly relevant component of tikanga Māori is the concept of manaakitanga. Read more about tikanga Māori here.
Reading
Article Title: Tourism and te ao Māori
Read time: 5 minutes
Article Summary: Māori cultural values need to be front and centre of tourism planning and management, says Associate Professor Anna Carr.
Pre Read Question: Are there any travel and tourism/hospitality businesses local to you which demonstrate te ao Māori? Think about the forum question below while reading this article.
Post Read Task: What are the benefits of government agencies involving Māori staff in their planning?
Source: otago.ac.nz
Activity
Forum Name: Forum
Thread Name: Incorporating te ao Māori into hospitality
Instruction: How can key concepts of te ao Māori be embraced by different types of hospitality business? Think of practical measures they could implement to show manaakitanga.
In a rapidly evolving industry like the hospitality industry, making informed decisions in response to the external environment is vital to gain and maintain a competitive edge. There are certain tools and techniques which can be utilised to help managers analyse the business environment and help them make wise strategic decisions. These tools and techniques market research and data analysis.
Video Title: Lesson 1.1 - Introduction to Hospitality Marketing
Watch Time: 2:33 minutes
Video Summary: A brief introduction to the purpose and techniques of hospitality marketing. This is the first video in a playlist course covering the basics of modern hospitality marketing.
Pre-Watch Question: What is the purpose of hospitality marketing?
Post-Watch Task: Spend time looking at the other short videos in this series using this playlist link.
Source: YouTube Channel: DCT Online Academy
Market Research
Market research is a critical component of environmental analysis which helps businesses to gather information and insights into market trends, consumer preferences and competitive dynamics. Using various research methods helps organisations to make informed strategic decisions and tailor their offer to meet market demand.
Surveys and Questionnaires
Surveys and questionnaires are widely used to collect quantitative data from current and potential customers. These tools help hospitality businesses gather feedback on guest satisfaction, preferences, and expectations. For example, resorts can use post-stay surveys to assess guest experiences and identify areas for improvement. Online survey platforms like SurveyMonkey and Google Forms make it easy to distribute surveys and analyse responses efficiently. Watch this short video to learn more about how surveys can help improve marketing.
Focus Groups
Focus groups involve small and diverse groups of participants who discuss specific topics related to the hospitality industry which can provide qualitative insights into customer attitudes, perceptions and motivations. Managers can use focus groups to explore new service concepts, test marketing messages and gain a deeper understanding of customer expectations. Focus groups use facilitators to guide the discussion and ensure feedback is relevant. This short video explains how focus groups work.
Competitive Benchmarking
Competitive benchmarking involves analysing the performance, strategies, and offerings of key competitors. By examining competitor pricing, amenities, marketing strategies, and customer reviews, hospitality businesses can identify industry best practices and areas for differentiation. Tools like SWOT analysis and the PESTEL framework can aid in this process.
Social Media Monitoring
Social media platforms are rich sources of real-time customer feedback and market trends. Monitoring social media conversations, reviews, and comments allows hospitality businesses to gauge public sentiment and respond to customer inquiries and concerns promptly. Tools like Hootsuite and Brandwatch enable efficient social media tracking and sentiment analysis.
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Data analysis and interpretation involve examining collected data to extract meaningful insights and support decision-making. In the hospitality industry, effective data analysis can drive operational improvements, enhance guest experiences, and inform strategic planning.
Descriptive Analytics
Descriptive analytics summarises historical data to provide a clear picture of past performance. In the hospitality sector, businesses can use descriptive analytics to analyse occupancy rates, revenue trends, and guest demographics. This information helps identify patterns and assess business performance over time. Tools like Excel and Tableau facilitate visualisation and reporting of descriptive data.
Predictive Analysis
Predictive analytics uses statistical models and machine learning algorithms to forecast future outcomes based on historical data. Hospitality businesses can leverage predictive analytics to anticipate demand fluctuations, optimise pricing strategies, and personalise marketing campaigns. For instance, forecasting models can predict peak booking periods and enable proactive resource planning. Read more about predictive analysis here.
Customer Segmentation
Customer segmentation involves dividing the customer base into distinct groups based on characteristics such as demographics, behaviour, and preferences. We introduced the concept of market segmentation in Course 1, and noted that by understanding the unique needs of each segment, hospitality businesses can tailor marketing efforts and service offerings to maximise customer satisfaction and loyalty. Techniques like cluster analysis and RFM (recency, frequency, monetary) analysis aid in effective segmentation. Click on the hyperlinks to read more about these techniques.
Sentiment Analysis
Sentiment analysis examines customer feedback from reviews, surveys, and social media to assess public sentiment toward a hospitality business. By analysing sentiment, businesses can identify strengths and areas for improvement in their service offerings. Natural language processing (NLP) tools can automate sentiment analysis by leveraging AI and machine learning tools to provide valuable insights into guest perceptions and emotions.
Qualitative vs Quantitative Data
When conducting environmental analysis in the hospitality industry, understanding the differences between qualitative and quantitative data is crucial. For instance, Pauanui Ocean Resort can use qualitative insights to enhance guest experience while relying on quantitative metrics to optimise pricing and occupancy rates.
Qualitative data
Qualitative data is descriptive and provides insights into the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations of customers. It is often gathered through methods like interviews, focus groups, and open-ended survey questions, offering a deep, nuanced understanding of customer experiences and perceptions. This type of data is invaluable for exploring new service ideas and understanding complex customer behaviours.
Quantitative data
Quantitative data is numerical and can be measured and analysed statistically. It is collected through structured methods such as surveys with closed-ended questions, transactional records, and web analytics. Quantitative data is essential for identifying patterns, measuring performance, and making data-driven decisions. Together, qualitative and quantitative data provide a comprehensive view of the market environment, enabling hospitality businesses to tailor their strategies and offerings effectively.
Developing strategic recommendations is the culmination of a comprehensive environmental analysis in the hospitality industry. This process involves synthesising insights gained from tools like PESTEL and SWOT analyses, competitive assessments, and market research to formulate actionable strategies that align with the organisation's goals and objectives. Strategic recommendations should address identified opportunities and threats, leverage strengths, and mitigate weaknesses. The tools and techniques we have looked at already can be used in a process to create the optimal strategic recommendations:
Synthesise insights from environmental analysis
- Integrate findings from PESTEL and SWOT analyses to identify key opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses.
- Use competitive assessments to understand market dynamics and the positioning of key competitors.
- Analyse market research data to uncover customer needs, preferences, and emerging trends.
Formulate strategic objectives
- Define clear, actionable objectives that align with the organisation’s overall mission and vision.
- Ensure objectives are SMART: specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time bound.
Leverage Identified Opportunities
- Develop strategies to capitalise on emerging market opportunities, such as trends in sustainable tourism or technological advancements.
- Identify potential partnerships or collaborations that could enhance offerings or market reach.
Address and Mitigate Threats
- Create contingency plans for identified threats, such as increased competition or economic fluctuations.
- Implement risk management strategies to safeguard against potential operational disruptions.
Strengthen Organisational Capabilities
- Invest in technology upgrades and innovation to improve service delivery and operational efficiency.
- Enhance staff training and development to build a skilled and adaptable workforce.
Differentiate from Competitors
- Identify unique selling propositions (USPs) that set the business apart from competitors.
- Develop marketing and branding strategies that highlight these USPs to attract target audiences.
Implement Sustainability Initiatives
- Develop and promote eco-friendly practices to appeal to environmentally conscious consumers.
- Integrate sustainability into core business operations and communicate efforts to stakeholders.
Engage and Align with Stakeholders
- Collaborate with local communities, industry partners, and government bodies to support strategic initiatives.
- Ensure alignment with stakeholder expectations and foster positive relationships.
Establish Clear Action Plans
- Outline specific steps and resources required to implement strategic recommendations.
- Assign responsibilities and set timelines for achieving strategic objectives.
Measure and Evaluate Outcomes
- Develop key performance indicators (KPIs) to track progress and measure the effectiveness of strategies.
- Conduct regular reviews and assessments to refine strategies and ensure continuous improvement.
You’ve reached the end of the learning material for this topic. Let’s recap the main points:
Understand Environmental Analysis:
- Learn the importance of analysing the external environment to identify opportunities and threats.
- Recognise how environmental factors influence strategic decision-making in the hospitality industry.
Apply PESTEL Analysis:
- Use the PESTEL framework to assess political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors affecting the industry.
- Identify how these factors impact business operations and strategy.
Conduct SWOT Analysis:
- Evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to understand the internal and external environment.
- Use SWOT analysis to inform strategic planning and decision-making.
Perform Competitive Analysis:
- Identify key competitors and assess their market positioning, strengths, and weaknesses.
- Develop strategies to differentiate and gain a competitive advantage.
Integrate te ao Māori:
- Understand the importance of incorporating Māori values, traditions, and language into hospitality operations.
- Explore opportunities for authentic cultural experiences and sustainable practices aligned with Māori perspectives.
Utilise Market Research Methods:
- Conduct surveys, focus groups, and competitive benchmarking to gather relevant market data.
- Analyse customer feedback and market trends to inform business strategies.
Analyse and Interpret Data:
- Use descriptive and predictive analytics to gain insights into market trends and customer behaviours.
- Apply data analysis techniques to support strategic planning and improve decision-making.
Develop Strategic Recommendations:
- Synthesize insights from environmental analysis to formulate actionable and measurable strategic objectives.
- Create strategies that leverage opportunities, address threats, and align with organisational goals.
Implement and Evaluate Strategies:
- Develop clear action plans and assign responsibilities for implementing strategic recommendations.
- Measure outcomes and conduct regular evaluations to ensure continuous improvement and success.
