Glossary

Note that sometimes the translation of the Māori term is rooted in a Māori worldview, and there is no one English term which fully encapsulates its meaning.

• Hauora – Be fit, well, healthy, vigorous, in good spirits.
• Hauora Māori – Māori health.
• Kaiāwhina – community health workers who uses tikanga and Māori models of health to work collaboratively with whānau.
• Kaitiakitanga – the connection between people and the natural world.
• Kaumātuatanga – the role that kaumātua and kuia play in keeping families and the community together.
• Kaupapa – A way of doing things from a Māori perspective.
• Kawa – a difference in tikanga that has formed as the result of certain conditions.
• Kotahitanga – The value of working collaboratively to support greater wellbeing.
• Mahi – work, to do.
• Manaakitanga – Supporting people in a way that recognises their mana to support greater wellbeing.
• Mana – maintaining balance and harmony through reciprocal obligations.
• Mana motuhake – Self-determination.
• Mauri – the spark that feeds the life principles of a person, a place, or an object.
• Tangata whenua – literally 'people of the land', these are the people who have authority in a given location.
• Tapu and noa – sacred and ordinary, the procedures to establish demarcation zones to promote safety and protection.
• Tamariki – children.
• Te Ao Māori – Māori world view.
• Tikanga – custom, protocol, way, or manner.
• Tino rangatiratanga – highest chieftainship, leadership, self-determination, sovereignty, independence, autonomy.
• Wairuatanga – the spiritual world is an important part of reality, which must be accommodated on a day-to-day basis, even when it conflicts with the ‘rules’ of business.
• Whakapapa – it is vital to understand Māori common ancestry that cherishes places such as marae as symbolic homes and sharing on the basis of kinship, rather than on the basis of legal responsibility or ownership.
• Whakawhanaungatanga – The value of supporting identity, connection and relationships to support greater wellbeing.

• 3Ps – the principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi: partnership, participation, protection.
• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) – encourages participants to stop avoiding negative thoughts and emotions and accept that these thoughts and emotions are a normal part of life.
• Addiction – an inability to stop using a substance (such as alcohol or illegal drugs) or engaging in a behaviour (such as gambling or excessive exercise) despite negative consequences.
• Advocacy – putting forward views or requests on behalf of another person to reach a desired outcome.
• Autonomy – being independent and not relying on others. 
• Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) – a form of talk therapy that combines cognitive (thought) therapy with behavioural therapy.
• Delegation – working out who is the best person for a task and giving that person the responsibility to carry it out.
• Dependence – relying on others for support for day-to-day tasks.
• Equity – in healthcare means that no one should be discriminated against or disadvantaged in terms of their health outcomes, access to care, or treatment options due to factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, or location. 
• Holistic approach – considering all aspects of the person and supporting the whole person, not just their health needs.
• Independence – when a person doesn’t need any support for day-to-day tasks.
• Interdependence – when a person looks to another person for mutual support, usually from whānau or friends.
• Meihana model – a mental health assessment and intervention tool that builds on Te Whare Tapa Whā.
• Mental distress – when a person finds the way they are thinking, feeling or reacting becomes difficult, or even impossible, to cope with. Does not meet the threshold of mental illness.
• Mental illness – a specific disorder that a medical professional diagnoses also referred to as a mental health condition.
• Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) – used when trying to quit smoking, NRT is a medication that supplies a small amount of nicotine, which reduces cravings and some of the effects of withdrawal.
• Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST) – a treatment used during opioid withdrawal when the patient is prescribed a less harmful opioid such as methadone, buprenorphine and naloxone.
• Personal plan – a document that outlines how an organisation will support a tangata.
• Role modelling – setting examples and inspiring others by demonstrating ideals, attitudes or actions.
• Self-determination – the ability to make decisions that affect your life.